
“You can take from every experience what it has to offer you. And you cannot be defeated if you just keep taking one breath followed by another.”
- Oprah Winfrey, talk show host
WINFREY, Oprah, African-American talk-show host, media executive, and actress. She rose from a disadvantaged childhood in the rural South to become one of the most broadly influential figures in popular culture, using her syndicated talk show to promote messages of empowerment and self-worth.
Born in Kosciusko, Miss., on Jan. 29, 1954, Winfrey spent her earliest years with her grandparents, before moving to Milwaukee, Wis., to live with her mother at age 6. At 14, she moved to Nashville, Tenn., to live with her father, who had a strong positive influence on her life. While still in high school she made her media debut as a radio announcer for a local station; at age 19 she became the first African-American and first woman to anchor TV news in Nashville. After graduating from Tennessee State University (1976) she moved to Baltimore, Md., where by the early 1980s she was co host of a popular talk show, “People Are Talking.”
Her best-known accomplishment, “The Oprah Winfrey Show,” began as “A.M. Chicago,” a morning talk show that she took over in 1984; it evolved into one of the most popular TV programs in history. On it she addressed a range of human-interest topics with candidness and compassion. The program received nine Daytime EMMY Awards, presented by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences; Winfrey won seven Emmys for Outstanding Talk Show Host, and in 1998 the Academy honored her with a Lifetime Achievement Award.
In 1996 Winfrey organized an influential book club to encourage reading and discussion of her favorite contemporary novels, typically boosting their sales by a huge amount; she suspended the club in 2002 but relaunched it the following year, expanded to include classics and (later) nonfiction. In the late 1990s, she began to expand her business presence in the media. Oxygen Media LLC, formed in 1998, encompasses a cable network and a family of Web sites for women. She launched O, a magazine aimed at women”s personal growth, in 2000. In 2006 she launched a channel on Washington, D.C.,-based XM Satellite Radio.
Also active as a philanthropist, Winfrey was a key supporter of the National Child Protection Act, dubbed the “Oprah Bill,” which was signed into law by President BILL Clinton in 1993, and she started Oprah’s Angel Network, which promotes and rewards charitable activity. In early 2007 she opened a Leadership Academy for Girls, near Johannesburg, South Africa, aimed at providing a quality education to poor girls; but she was devastated later in the year by reports of sexual abuse at the school.
Winfrey was inducted into the NATIONAL Women’s Hall of Fame in 1994. She has received a number of broadcasting awards, including the George Foster Peabody Individual Achievement Award (1996). In 1998 Time magazine numbered her among the 100 most influential people of the 20th century.
Text Reference: Winfrey, Oprah on Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia
Image Reference: OnAsia