Oct 4, 2007 - Anything & Everything, Environment, Science & Technology, Travel    No Comments    1,192 views

When you are at the north pole, which direction will your compass show for north (N) and south (S)?

ASK! about Science & Technology

Firstly, there are actually different types of north poles.

True North Pole
The true north pole of the earth is where the earth’s spin axis meets the surface. The spin axis is an imaginary line through the earth.

Magnetic North
The magnetic north is where the compass will point to, since the compass reacts to the earth’s magnetic field. However, the magnetic north of the earth does not coincide with the earth’s true north pole. Thus, the direction in which the compass needle points is slightly different from the direction of the north pole at almost all places on the earth. It veers slightly to the east or west at almost all places on the earth.

Hence, even standing on the very spot of the north pole, the compass needle will still point north.

References:
Mahaney, W. C. (2001). North Pole. In World Book 2001. Chicago : World Book, Inc.
Hobbs, R. (2001). Compass. In World Book 2001. Chicago : World Book, Inc.
About.com, http://www.about.com/, True North, Magnetic North and Compass North: From Jim Shepard, retrieved: 4 Oct 07, URL: powerboat.about.com/od/navigation/a/ truenorth_wayup.htm

Answered by Ms Chiu Suet Fen , Librarian, Adult and Young People’s Services

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Oct 4, 2007 - ..Adults, ..Teens, .Fiction    No Comments    2,092 views

Stories about friendship?

ASK about Fiction

Friendship – what does it mean to you? When was the last time you made a date with your friend? Have you ever quaralled with your friends? If you like to read stories about friends, check out some of these friendship stories below. Each is set in a different context, some in historical times, some containing a dash of fantasy, others set in more depressing scenarios.

Sisterhood_Travelling_Pants.jpg
The Sisterhood of the Travelling Pants by Ann Brashares
Call No.: Y English BAR
A story of four lifelong girl friends who share a pair of jeans that fits them all. Through their own experiences with love and family, they build stronger bonds by being one another’s support. Followed by ‘The second summer of the sisterhood’ and ‘Girls in pants: the third summer of the Sisterhood’, ‘Forever in blue: the fourth summer of the Sisterhood’. The story has also been adapted into a movie available under the call number

The_Lottery.jpg
The Lottery by Beth Goobie.
Call No.: Y English GOO
15-year-old Sally is intimidated into carrying out threats against other students. However, she is unable to put her heart to it. Through friendship and spirit, she stands up for herself, refusing to yield under peer pressure.

doyle.jpg
The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle by Avi Wortis.
Call No.: J English AVI / Y English AVI
Set in 1832, 13-year-old Charlotte returns home after 8 years of school in England. She travels by sea aboard Seahawk and befriends the cook, Zazhariah. Charlotte is drawn into a web of suspicion, treachery and murder as the sea crew plot amongst themselves. Through the experience, she grows up from a protected young girl to a responsible,self-reliant woman.

Rabble_Starkey.jpg
Rabble Starkey by Lois Lowry.
Call No.: J English LOW
Rabble stays in a small apartment in the Bigelow’s place where her mother is the family’s house keeper. She is friends with the Bigelow daughter, Veronica. Both grow up together through experiences, pain and adventure they share in the town. The story concludes on a heart-warming note when Rabble and her mother are granted a better life.

Machine_Gunners.jpg
The Machine Gunners by Robert Westall
Call No.: Y Enlgish WES
Sometimes, human feelings transcend logic, and enemies can become friends. This is what Chas and his friends discover when an enemy sergeant who gives himself up to protect them.

House of Stairs_1.jpg
House of Stairs by William Sleator.
Call No.: Y English SLE
This is a story that pits survival against love. 5 children are brought to a place where they have to ‘act’ for a red machine to get food. However, as days past, the machine demands that they perform cruel acts against one another to feed off their hunger. Two children, Peter and Lola stand by their principles and refuse to continue cajoling the machine, even if it meant that they were to go hungry.

Say_Goodnight_Gracie.jpg
Say Goonight Gracie by Julie Reece Deaver
Call No.: Y English DEA
Jimmy and Morgan and great friends who support one another and encourage the other when he falls. A tragic accident leads to the Jimmy’s demise and Morgan grieves over him. A poignant tale similar to the movie My Girl (1991) starring Macaulay Culkin.

Friends__Enemies.jpg
Friends, Enemies by Rosie Rushton.
Call No.: Y English RUS
Four friends include a new girl into their confidence but are betrayed when she spreads rumours about them. However, when they realise her troubled background, their initial anger wavers. A thought-provoking novel about friendship, sympathy, and honesty.

Between_friends.gif
Between Friends by Sandra Kitt
Call No.: English KIT
Two friends fall for the same man and their friendship is put to test.

chocwar.jpg
The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier
Call No.: Y English COR
A contemporary about power struggles, gangs, abuse and growing up incidents that take place in a boy’s school. Followed by the sequel ‘Beyond the Chocolate War’.

Please check online catalogue for location & book availability.

Answered by Ms Ang Mei Jun, Librarian, Adult and Young People’s Services

Found this question interesting? What do you think?
Post your comments, or send further questions about this or any other topic to ask@nlb.gov.sg

Oct 4, 2007 - ..Adults, ..Teens, .Fiction    No Comments    648 views

Do you have stories about friendship?

ASK about Fiction

Friendship – what does it mean to you? When was the last time you made a date with your friend? Have you ever quaralled with your friends? If you like to read stories about friends, check out some of these friendship stories below. Each is set in a different context, some in historical times, some containing a dash of fantasy, others set in more depressing scenarios.

The Sisterhood of the Travelling Pants by Ann Brashares
Call No.: Y English BAR
A story of four lifelong girl friends who share a pair of jeans that fits them all. Through their own experiences with love and family, they build stronger bonds by being one another’s support. Followed by ‘The second summer of the sisterhood’ and ‘Girls in pants: the third summer of the Sisterhood’, ‘Forever in blue: the fourth summer of the Sisterhood’. The story has also been adapted into a movie available under the call number

The Lottery by Beth Goobie.
Call No.: Y English GOO
15-year-old Sally is intimidated into carrying out threats against other students. However, she is unable to put her heart to it. Through friendship and spirit, she stands up for herself, refusing to yield under peer pressure.

The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle by Avi Wortis.
Call No.: J English AVI / Y English AVI
Set in 1832, 13-year-old Charlotte returns home after 8 years of school in England. She travels by sea aboard Seahawk and befriends the cook, Zazhariah. Charlotte is drawn into a web of suspicion, treachery and murder as the sea crew plot amongst themselves. Through the experience, she grows up from a protected young girl to a responsible,self-reliant woman.

Rabble Starkey by Lois Lowry.
Call No.: J English LOW
Rabble stays in a small apartment in the Bigelow’s place where her mother is the family’s house keeper. She is friends with the Bigelow daughter, Veronica. Both grow up together through experiences, pain and adventure they share in the town. The story concludes on a heart-warming note when Rabble and her mother are granted a better life.

The Machine Gunners by Robert Westall
Call No.: Y Enlgish WES
Sometimes, human feelings transcend logic, and enemies can become friends. This is what Chas and his friends discover when an enemy sergeant who gives himself up to protect them.

House of Stairs by William Sleator.
Call No.: Y English SLE
This is a story that pits survival against love. 5 children are brought to a place where they have to ‘act’ for a red machine to get food. However, as days past, the machine demands that they perform cruel acts against one another to feed off their hunger. Two children, Peter and Lola stand by their principles and refuse to continue cajoling the machine, even if it meant that they were to go hungry.

Say Goonight Gracie by Julie Reece Deaver
Call No.: Y English DEA
Jimmy and Morgan and great friends who support one another and encourage the other when he falls. A tragic accident leads to the Jimmy’s demise and Morgan grieves over him. A poignant tale similar to the movie My Girl (1991) starring Macaulay Culkin.

Friends, Enemies by Rosie Rushton.
Call No.: Y English RUS
Four friends include a new girl into their confidence but are betrayed when she spreads rumours about them. However, when they realise her troubled background, their initial anger wavers. A thought-provoking novel about friendship, sympathy, and honesty.

Between Friends by Sandra Kitt
Call No.: English KIT
Two friends fall for the same man and their friendship is put to test.

The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier
Call No.: Y English COR
A contemporary about power struggles, gangs, abuse and growing up incidents that take place in a boy’s school. Followed by the sequel ‘Beyond the Chocolate War’.

Please check online catalogue for location & book availability.

Answered by Ms Ang Mei Jun, Librarian, Adult and Young People’s Services

Found this question interesting? What do you think?
Post your comments, or send further questions about this or any other topic to ask@nlb.gov.sg

Oct 4, 2007 - ..Children, Science & Technology    No Comments    679 views

Can you name me all the numbers of ‘pi’?

Kids ASK! about Sciene & Technology

I was struck by this curious question answered by one of my colleagues, Sieu Pin, and the mathematician in me was immediately intrigued. It reminded me of how I used to marvel at John Forbes Nash’s (http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/
laureates/1994/nash-autobio.html
) mathematical mind in the movie “A Beautiful Mind”. Swift calculation of complex formulae, cracking mysterious military codes and the maniacal determination to solve theorems previously thought unsolved…all qualities guaranteed to inspire an Einstein-wannabe.

But, surely even the great John Nash would have to be stumped by this oft-asked question by inquisitive Math-lovers.

According to The World Book Encyclopedia, pi is an irrational number and so cannot be written as a simple fraction or as a finite decimal. No one has detected repeating patterns in this decimal either.
Source: (1996). In The World Book Encyclopedia London: Vol. 15). World Book International (Call No.: JR 031 WOR)

I then searched for any other interesting facts and history of pi and voila! I found this website, http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.pi.html, where there’s a link at which you can even see the number pi, truncated to 50 decimal places!

In fact, pi is also a transcendental number, “numbers that cannot be expressed as the root or solution of an algebraic equation with rational coefficients”.
Source: Gelfond, Aleksandr Osipovich. (2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 4, 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition: http://library.eb.com/eb/article-9036325)

If that definition has confused our dear readers, be rest assured as you can learn about the simplified history of transcendental numbers at http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/Pickover/trans.html.

If you want to find out more information on the “pi”, you may refer to the following books :

For Children:
Sir_Cumference.jpg
Sir Cumference and the dragon of pi : a math adventure by by Cindy Neuschwander; illustrated by Wayne Geehan.
Publisher : Watertown, MA : Charlesbridge, 1999
Call No. : JP 516 NEU

Circles.jpg
Circles and spheres by Bonnie Coulter Leech
Publisher : Watertown, MA : Charlesbridge, 1999
Call No. : JP 516 NEU

For Adults:
Pi_Biography.jpg
Pi : a biography of the world’s most mysterious number by Alfred S. Posamentier
Publisher : Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 2004
Call No. : 512.73 POS

Joy_of_Pi.jpg
The joy of pi by David Blatner
Publisher : London : Penguin Books, 1998, c1997
Call No. : 516.22 BLA

History_of_Pi.jpg
A history of pi by Petr Beckmann
Publisher : New York : St. Martin’s Press, c1971
Call No. : 512.924 BEC

Life_of_Pi.jpg
Life of Pi : a novel by Yann Martel
Publisher : Edinburgh : Canongate, 2002
Call No. : MAR

All websites are last accessed on 4 October 2007. Please refer to the terms and conditions on the homepages for use.
All images used are extracted from http://www.amazon.com and http://www.bn.com.
For the availability of the above book titles, please check the library catalogue.

Question originally answered by Lim Sieu Pin, Librarian, Children’s Services
By Elizabeth Lee, Librarian, Children’s Services

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If you have a different question, please email to mailto:ask@nlb.gov.sg?subject=ASK_blog- instead of sending a comment.